







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| How did we switch from Mayfair to the suburbs that fast? | 메이페어에서 교외라니 어쩌다 이렇게 빨리 바뀌었담? |
| Yes, I finally found one! | 좋았어, 드디어 찾아냈어! |
| Or a demon possessed her! | 아니면 악령 들렸거나! |
| Did you put a question mark at the end? | 문장 끝에 물음표는 찍었고? |
| I was going to today, it just happened last night! | 오늘 하려고 했지, 어젯밤 막 일어난 일이니까! |
| Anyway, I woke up at 07:00 and went to see the first one. | 아무튼, 7시에 일어나서 첫 집을 보러 갔지. |
| I didn't have any time to go and check houses. | 직접 집을 확인하고 할 시간이 없었어. |
| Unfortunately, it is... Weren't there any pictures of the house? | 슬프게도, 맞는 주소야... 집 사진 같은 거 없었어? |
| Did you sleep well last night? | 어젯밤 잠은 잘 잤고? |
| You didn't tell me what? | 뭘 말 안해줬어? |
| Yeah, normally... But I'm too sick to go to work so I took the day off. | 그래요, 보통은 그런데... 오늘 출근하기에 너무 아파서 휴가 썼다구요. |
| I hope I didn't make you wait long. | 제가 너무 오래 기다리게 만든 건 아니길 바라요. |
| Of course I didn't, they had already started playing it before I got there! | 당연히 내가 시킨 건 아니지, 내가 가보니까 벌써 잡고 있던데! |
| We are going to follow the original plan, how it was before. | 원래 계획대로 하자. 하기로 했던 대로. |
| So I snore everyday... Why didn't you tell me that before? | 그럼 매일 곤다는 소리구나... 왜 진작에 말을 안해줬어? |
| The price is just about the same, but it was in much better condition. | 가격대는 거의 비슷한데, 훨씬 상태가 좋았다구요. |
| Yeah, it was a good trick, who did you learn it from? | 맞아, 좋은 수였지, 누가 가르쳐주셨나 몰라? |
| When did you last visit your parents? | 마지막으로 부모님을 방문한 게 언제야? |
| I wasn't complaining, I just wanted to let you know about it. | 불평을 한 게 아니라, 네가 알았으면 해서 말을 한 거잖아. |
| An old lady came out and shouted at me very angrily! | 웬 할머니가 나와서 나한테 호통을 치셨다고! |