







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I got you a cappuccino. | 네 건 카푸치노 사왔어. |
| Yes, while I was looking at the wine, the rice fell... | 응, 와인을 보고 있는데, 쌀이 떨어져서... |
| I have to say, your checking the heaters lie wasn't very clever. | 히터 점검해야 한다는 거짓말은 딱히 그럴싸하지 않았다고 말해둬야 겠는걸요. |
| So you already knew the cat was here before you came. | 그러니까 당신도 여기 오기 전부터 고양이가 있다는 건 알고 있었단 거네요. |
| I only went to the kitchen and no one was there. | 부엌에만 갔는데 아무도 없던걸. |
| Then she started to talk about how she was allergic to cats, etcetera. | 그러고는 고양이에 알레르기가 있다고, 뭐 그런 말을 하기 시작하더라구요. |
| I'm not sure, I started using it when I moved into this house. | 잘 모르겠어, 이 집 들어와서 쓰기 시작했거든. |
| Hm, you didn't tell me that before! | 엥, 미리 안 말해 줬잖아! |
| We also tried to find a house for you a couple of weeks ago. | 그리고 몇 주 전에 너희 집을 구하려고 같이 알아보기도 했고. |
| Did you put a question mark at the end? | 문장 끝에 물음표는 찍었고? |
| I met him last week at the vet. | 지난 주에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
| Did you call this one near the station? | 역 근처에 여기는 전화해봤어? |
| An old lady came out and shouted at me very angrily! | 웬 할머니가 나와서 나한테 호통을 치셨다고! |
| Umm, she started staying with me recently. | 음, 최근에 저랑 같이 살기 시작했는데요. |
| Yes, that's me, hello, I think we talked on the phone before... | 네, 저예요, 안녕하세요. 통화한 적이 있는 것 같은데요... |
| I didn't have any time to go and check houses. | 직접 집을 확인하고 할 시간이 없었어. |
| This was the only one left on the shelf. | 선반에 이거 밖에 안 남아있더라구요. |
| Didn't you hear what she said? | 말하는 거 못 들었어? |
| You, too, I hope you found the house easily. | 저도요. 집은 찾아오기 어렵지 않으셨길 바라요. |
| Yes, I finally found one! | 좋았어, 드디어 찾아냈어! |