In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
Have fun, Diego, it was nice to meet you. | Divertiti, Diego, è stato un piacere conoscerti. |
When did it happen exactly? | Quando è successo esattamente? |
Yeah, it was a good trick, who did you learn it from? | Già, era un bel trucco, da chi lo hai imparato? |
Yes, I just started my period an hour ago! | Sì, mi è iniziato il ciclo un’ora fa! |
I hope I didn't make you wait long. | Spero di non avervi fatto aspettare a lungo. |
What did you cook for breakfast? | Che cosa hai preparato per colazione? |
I called you at least ten times! | Ti ho chiamata almeno dieci volte! |
Yes, I did, did you? | Sì, certo, e tu? |
No, I couldn't, I went to Sainsbury's, they didn't have it. | Non ci sono riuscita, sono andata da Sainsbury’s, non ce l’avevano. |
But I lost all of my pictures and contacts on my phone. | Ma ho perso tutte le mie foto e i contatti sul telefono. |
Yes they do, they looked after him last time. | Sì certo, ci hanno pensato loro l’ultima volta. |
I thought you turned it on when you went home. | Pensavo lo avessi acceso quando sei arrivata a casa. |
She was yelling at me like how dirty we were... | Mi urlava cose del tipo come eravamo sporchi… |
It was a total disaster! | È stato un vero disastro! |
I came here to visit her, then she went back and I stayed here. | Sono venuta qui per farle visita, poi lei è tornata e io sono rimasta qui. |
Did you put a question mark at the end? | Ci hai messo il punto interrogativo Alla fine? |
Look at that, it splashed water all over me! | Guarda qui, mi ha spruzzato tutta l’acqua addosso! |
I found out we didn't have many things in the fridge. | Ho scoperto che non avevamo molte cose in frigo. |
I hope I didn't make you wait long. | Spero di non averti fatto aspettare a lungo. |
Anyway, I called the girl again, and of course, she didn't answer. | Ad ogni modo, ho chiamato di nuovo la ragazza, e naturalmente, non rispondeva. |