In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
Did anything happen to you? | Ti è successo qualcosa? |
I'm not sure, I started using it when I moved into this house. | Non ne sono sicuro, ho iniziato ad usarlo quando mi sono trasferito in questa casa. |
Umm, she started staying with me recently. | Umm, ha iniziato di recente a rimanere con me. |
5 minutes before I arrived, I called her, but she didn't answer. | 5 minuti prima di arrivare, l’ho chiamata, ma non ha risposto. |
It doesn't mean I didn't spend any time finding a house. | Non significa che non abbia impiegato del tempo per trovare una casa. |
Yes, I did, did you? | Sì, certo, e tu? |
It was a total disaster! | È stato un vero disastro! |
No, it seems I'd forgotten to charge it before I left. | No, a quanto pare avevo dimenticato di caricarlo prima di uscire. |
Oh, do you know what we forgot? | Oh, sai cosa ci siamo dimenticati? |
What made you change your mind? | Cosa ti ha fatto cambiare idea? |
I didn't know what to say, I didn't want to be rude, actually. | Non sapevo cosa dire, non volevo essere sgarbato, in realtà. |
But you just did it, why did you kill the wasp, then? | Ma lo hai appena fatto, perché hai ucciso la vespa, allora? |
Umm, since we met I can count the days I didn't hear you snoring. | Umm, da quando ci siamo conosciuti posso contare i giorni in cui non ti ho sentita russare. |
Yeah, everything is fine, I just came here to... | Sì, va tutto bene, sono venuto qui solo per… |
You drank too many beers last night! | Hai bevuto troppe birre ieri sera! |
You didn't tell me what? | Non mi hai detto cosa? |
How did you know he was a male cat? | Come hai fatto a sapere che era un gatto maschio? |
When did you last visit your parents? | Quando hai fatto visita ai tuoi genitori l’ultima volta? |
How did you know that? | Come facevi a saperlo? |
Then my phone rang and I went to the garden to talk. | Poi mi ha squillato il telefono e sono andato in giardino per parlare. |