In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
We also tried to find a house for you a couple of weeks ago. | それに何週間か前にも君の家を探したじゃないか。 |
I didn't say that, I was just reminding you of what you said before. | そんなこと言ってないわよ。ただあなたが前に言ったことを思い出しただけ。 |
What did you cook for breakfast? | 朝ご飯は何を作ったの? |
I didn't have any time to go and check houses. | 家に行ったり見たりする時間が無かったんだ。 |
It's good you called me before you came today. | 今日来る前に電話をかけてもらえて良かったわ。 |
Did the chips remind you of her? | チップスで彼女のことを思い出したのかい? |
My housemates once had a dog, too. | 私のハウスメイトも、以前犬を飼っていたわ。 |
I went there, too, but they didn't have it, either. | そこへも行ったわ、でもやっぱり無かったの。 |
Did you see any fire or smoke around? | まわりに火や煙は立ってたかい? |
Oh, that's a relief, did you get rid of it? | はあ、ほっとしたわ。スズメバチは駆除したの? |
Oh sorry, I didn't ask you what you wanted. | あら、ごめんなさい。どんなのが欲しかったのか尋ねなかったわ。 |
Of course I didn't, they had already started playing it before I got there! | そんなわけないだろ。僕が着いた時にはもう、追いかけて遊んでたんだよ! |
Did you get yourself a cappuccino, too? | 自分の分のカプチーノも買ってきたかい? |
Oh, okay, did she say why they needed to cancel it? | あらそうなのね、彼女はキャンセルの理由も言ってた? |
Yes, I thought about moving upstairs. | そうなんだよ、上の階へ引っ越そうかとも考えたよ。 |
Bye Toby, it was nice talking to you! | さよなら、トビー、お話できて良かったわ! |
Sorry, but I have to say, we saw another house earlier today... | いや、言わせていただきますが、今日午前中に他の物件を見学したんです… |
When I first came to England, I thought it was a holiday only for banks. | イギリスに初めてきた時、公休日は公の人だけの休みだと思ったよ。 |
Because a girl had an argument with Diego? | あの子とディエゴに一悶着あったからかい? |
Why didn't you ask while you were on the phone then? | それじゃあ、どうして電話中に尋ねなかったのよ? |