In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
Hello, I booked a table for two in the name of Cate for 20:30. | こんばんは。20:30 にケイトという名前で二人掛けのテーブルを予約しました。 |
And... Your cat? I didn't know you had a cat! | それと、君の猫かい? 君が猫を飼ってるなんて知らなかったよ! |
It was a total disaster! | 本当に最悪だった! |
Later on, I realized it was too crowded and noisy for me. | あとになって気づいたのさ。人混みが激しいしうるさいのは嫌だなって。 |
We talked on the phone before. | 前に電話で話したよ。 |
Yes, I thought about moving upstairs. | そうなんだよ、上の階へ引っ越そうかとも考えたよ。 |
That's brilliant, did you manage to see any houses today in the end? | 最高だね。結局今日は家は見れたの? |
What the f*ck! I didn't know that! | まじかよ! そんなこと知らなかったよ! |
We were just about to talk about leaving the house. | お家を出ようって話をはじめたところだったじゃない。 |
Did anything happen to you? | ケガはないかい? |
I came here to visit her, then she went back and I stayed here. | 私は彼女のもとを訪ねにここに来たの、そしたら彼女は帰国し私がここに滞在しているの。 |
Unbelievable, how did you know that? | 信じられないな、どうやって分かったのさ。 |
I didn't say monthly! I meant paying 100 more each daily... | 月々とは言ってないよ! 日割りで 100 増しでって意味さ… |
That was so easy, I can't believe it worked! | 簡単ね。うまくいくとは思わなかったわ! |
I didn't want to wake you up, so I went to the kitchen. | あなたを起こしたくなかったからそのままキッチンに行っちゃった。 |
But didn't we already buy the cheese grated? | でも、僕たちすでに粉チーズを買ったんじゃなかった? |
Actually, I was going to ask you something at the pub, but Diego interrupted me. | 実はパブで君に頼み事をしようと思ったんだけど、ディエゴのせいで出来なかった。 |
Hmm, why weren't we here at the time?... | う~ん、その時間、僕たちはどうしてここにいなかったんだっけ?… |
Where did you get that idea from!? | どこからそういう考えに行く着くんだよ⁉ |
Didn't they call you when you didn't show up at 11:00? | 11 時にいなかったんだから、君に電話をかけてくれなかったの? |