In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
To where? You just came, you didn't even finish your beer. | どこにだ?今来たばかりじゃないか、それにお前はまだビールさえも飲み終えてない。 |
Umm, she started staying with me recently. | まあ、最近僕と同棲を始めたんだよ。 |
I just got here mate, about 5 minutes ago. | 5分ほど前にここに来たんだ。 |
No, it seems I'd forgotten to charge it before I left. | ううん、家を出る前に充電するのを忘れてたみたい。 |
They are an old couple, he thought I was his son. | お年寄りのご夫婦だったんだけど、旦那さん、僕のことを息子さんと勘違いしてたんだ。 |
I remember watching it when I was a little kid. | 小さいときに観た記憶があるよ。 |
Very funny, I think you just killed some time there. | 面白いわね。あっちで時間を潰してたんでしょ。 |
Then when I got there, I called her again, but she didn't answer! | それで到着後もう一度電話したんだけど、それにも出なかったのよ! |
You know we talked about bringing Pogo here one day. | 知ってるでしょ、いつかポゴをここに連れてくるって話したこと。 |
Oh, what did she say? | あら、彼女はなんて言ってたの? |
When did it happen exactly? | それで具体的に何があったんだい? |
After hearing that, she decided to leave suddenly. | それを聞いたら、突然帰ることにしたんだよ。 |
Dude, I heard you shagging till late last night. | おいおい、昨晩、遅くまで熱いベッドの音が聞こえてたんだぜ。 |
I just woke up half an hour ago. | ちょうど30分前に起きたところ。 |
Basically, we were both in the kitchen last night... | まず、昨晩は僕たち二人ともキッチンにいたんだけど… |
I think we should move the desk back where it was before. | 机を前あった位置に戻した方がいいんじゃないかしら。 |
Oh, okay, did she say why they needed to cancel it? | あらそうなのね、彼女はキャンセルの理由も言ってた? |
So you already knew the cat was here before you came. | つまりここに来る前にはすでに猫がいると知ってたわけだ。 |
Hello, I booked a table for two in the name of Cate for 20:30. | こんばんは。20:30 にケイトという名前で二人掛けのテーブルを予約しました。 |
That's funny... What did you forget to ask? | 面白いわね… 何か尋ね忘れてるんじゃない? |