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In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Have you watched A.I.? It's quite violent, too, you might like it. | <A.I.>는 봤어? 그것도 꽤 잔인하거든, 좋아할 지도 몰라. |
| Possibly, also the new environment might make him feel insecure. | 그럴 수도. 그리고 낯선 환경이니까 불안해졌을 수도 있어. |
| I could only find some eggs, some undated bacon and some olives. | 달걀 조금하고, 날짜 모를 베이컨이랑 올리브만 조금 찾았어. |
| We can get return tickets when we come back. | 오는 길에 사면 될 거야. |
| I see, I can boil it first so you can use the water. | 알았어, 네가 육수 쓸 수 있도록 일단은 삶을게. |
| I'm not homophobic, but still you should've told me that before. | 호모포비아는 아니지만 그래도 말해줬어야지. |
| That's better, we can get some thighs. | 그게 낫다, 넓적살로 하자. |
| I may need to leave him with Mike sometimes. | 가끔 마이크한테 돌봐달라고 해야할지도 몰라서요. |
| And I can hold Bear, we can let them sniff each other first. | 그럼 내가 베어를 잡고 있을게. 우선 서로 킁킁거리게 놔두자. |
| You could have brought the book directly! | 책을 그냥 가져오지 그랬어! |
| You shouldn't have woken her up in the morning! | 그러게 아침 일찍 깨우지 말았어야지! |
| Maybe we can just borrow two slices of bread, then. | 그럼 그냥 빵 두 쪽만 빌리자. |
| I thought we could keep the spare room as a study for you. | 남는 방은 자기 작업실로 쓰면 어떨까 생각했지. |
| Mike, can you hear me? | 마이크, 내 말 들려? |
| But we have to leave now. | 이제 가봐야겠어. |
| But... Maybe, we can say it's like the sci-fi version of Pinocchio. | 하지만... 어쩌면, 피노키오의 공상과학 버전이라고 할 수 있을지도 모르긴 해. |
| Maybe she could even put some poison in their food! | 음식에 독을 탈지도 몰라! |
| I'm just concerned about whether we can afford to rent a house! | 집을 얻을만큼 우리한테 돈이 있는지 걱정이라서 그러는 거야! |
| Can you do me a favour in return? | 대신 부탁 하나 들어줄 수 있어? |
| Just a sec, I printed the recipe, I have to find it in my bag. | 잠깐만, 레시피를 프린트 해왔는데, 가방 안에서 찾아야 돼. |
