한글
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| After hearing the pooping story, I'm not sure I should offer this... | 똥 얘기를 듣고 나니까, 좀 주저되는 게 사실이지만... |
| Yes, normally, that's what they should do. | 그렇지, 정상적으로는 그렇게 해야 되는 건데. |
| But I wonder what it says, can you show it to me, too? | 그치만 뭐라고 돼있는지 궁금하단 말야, 나한테도 보여주면 안돼? |
| We can ask the shop assistant first. | 가게 종업원한테 먼저 물어봐 보자. |
| Maybe we can just borrow two slices of bread, then. | 그럼 그냥 빵 두 쪽만 빌리자. |
| I think they should be more understanding. | 좀 더 융통성 있어야 할 텐데. |
| I have to go home and check on Pogo first. | 우선은 집에 가서 포고부터 확인해야 해. |
| We can see how Bear and Pogo get on together. | 베어하고 포고가 잘 어울리는지 볼 수 있겠다. |
| Could it be anywhere else? | 다른 데 어딘가 있어? |
| I'm very sorry! I couldn't let you know any earlier. | 정말 미안해! 더 일찍 말해줄 수가 없었어. |
| Umm, can I do it after I smoke? | 음, 한 대 피고 와서 해도 돼? |
| You must be joking! | 농담이지! |
| I see, can you get a month long holiday from work? | 아하, 직장에서 한 달이나 휴가를 낼 수 있어? |
| You shouldn't smoke where we sleep. | 자는 데서 담배를 피우면 안되지. |
| You should, it might be more helpful to find some houses around here. | 확인하는 게 좋을 거야, 요 주변 집 찾는 데에 더 도움이 될 수도 있으니까. |
| You are going to ask me if I can take Bear out. | 베어 산책시켜달라고 부탁하려는 거잖아. |
| Then we can talk, maybe! | 그러고 나서는 상의해볼 수도 있어! |
| Hello guys, I can hear you shouting from upstairs. | 안녕 친구들, 소리 지르는 거 위층에서도 다 들리는데. |
| Really? The walls are in very bad condition, they have to be re-painted... | 정말? 벽 상태가 너무 안 좋아서, 새로 칠을 해야 하겠는데... |
| I thought I could look for more houses before my second appointment. | 두 번째 약속 가기 전에 좀 더 집을 알아보려고 했던 거야. |
