한글
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Same, I can take you out for dinner! | 마찬가지로, 내가 너한테 저녁 사주는 거지! |
| We can get the other things on the way back. | 나머지 것들은 돌아가는 길에 담으면 되잖아. |
| Can't we have the meeting without the f*cking IT manager! | 그 망할 놈의 IT 매니저 빼놓고 회의 하면 되잖아! |
| You should feel very lucky having him as a friend. | 그런 친구를 두다니 넌 정말 복 받은 거야. |
| It's already scary dear, you don't have to make it scarier! | 자기야 좀, 안 그래도 무서우니까 더 무섭게 만들지 말아봐! |
| Yes, sorry, I have to run! | 응, 미안한데 바로 가봐야 돼! |
| Oh, so I should keep my expectations low for tonight, then! | 아하, 그럼 오늘 밤에 대한 기대는 하지 말아야겠군! |
| Yes, but don't touch it, it must be very hot. | 응, 하지만 만지지 마, 아주 뜨거울 거야. |
| Or maybe we can just ask them when we see them in the house? | 아니면 그냥 집에 있는 게 보일 때 직접 물어볼 수도 있고? |
| I don't know, it's up to you, you can cook anything you like. | 글쎄, 네 마음대로, 아무거나 요리하고 싶은 걸로 해줘. |
| We can use the queue that goes faster. | 더 빨리 줄어드는 줄에서 계산하면 되잖아. |
| I believe with four of us we can afford it easily. | 네 명이 합치면 충분히 얻을 수 있어. |
| Hmm, nope, I think we can buy everything here. | 음, 아니, 여기서 다 살 수 있을 거 같아. |
| I can tell their sex from their face. | 얼굴을 보면 성별을 알 수 있죠. |
| No, you have to bring your own or buy new ones, dear. | 아니죠, 자기가 직접 가져 오거나 새로 사든가 해야죠. |
| You must be joking! | 농담이지! |
| That's nice, can we add some beer to it for me, also? | 괜찮네, 내가 먹게 쌀에 맥주도 좀 넣어줄 수 있어? |
| I don't think electric stoves can make the pan burn! | 전기스토브로 프라이팬에 불이 붙지는 않는다고 보는데! |
| It's a very long time, who could stand it? | 그렇게 긴 시간을 누가 버텨? |
| Then we can talk, maybe! | 그러고 나서는 상의해볼 수도 있어! |
