In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
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Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
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In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
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"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
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Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
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In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
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In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
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In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
Modal example sentences | |
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We can use matches... Or a lighter! | 성냥을 쓰거나... 라이터를 쓰지! |
What do you mean by they can't get married legally? | 법적으로 혼인 신고가 안된다니 무슨 소리야? |
Of course, you can have whatever you want. | 당연하지, 먹고 싶은 거 아무거나 시켜. |
So I guess we have to see the next one now. | 그럼 어쩔 수 없이 이 다음 집도 봐야겠네. |
I've got my oyster card, can I use it to buy a ticket? | 오이스터 카드가 있는데, 이걸로 승차권 사면 되나? |
Umm... I'm sorry, but I can't find a booking in that name. | 음... 죄송한데, 그 성함으로 된 예약은 없는데요. |
She could leave the front door open and let them out! | 대문을 열고 풀어줘버릴 수도 있고! |
Nope, that's fine... I guess I can do some window shopping... | 아니, 괜찮아. 윈도우 쇼핑이라도 하고 있지 뭐... |
Too bad, they must have understood you are a liar, then. | 어쩔 수 없지, 그럼 거짓말쟁이인 게 들통났겠네. |
I'm not homophobic, but still you should've told me that before. | 호모포비아는 아니지만 그래도 말해줬어야지. |
I'm very sorry! I couldn't let you know any earlier. | 정말 미안해! 더 일찍 말해줄 수가 없었어. |
Can you come for a second? You can talk to him later! | 일단 좀 와볼래? 얘기는 나중에 해도 되잖아! |
The burglar might like it. | 도둑은 좋아할 수도 있어. |
Okay, but can we talk about when to meet first? | 응, 그런데 우리가 언제 만날지부터 먼저 정할 수 있어? |
Umm, it must be that one with the white fence. | 음, 저기 하얀 울타리 있는 집일 거야. |
But I have to finish doing everything today. | 그치만 난 오늘 전부 끝내야 해. |
Can't we rest now and continue tomorrow? | 일단 쉬었다가 내일 계속하면 안돼? |
Sorry... Beary! Come here, my boy, seems we have to wait a while. | 미안해요... 베어야! 이리 와, 요 녀석아. 잠시 기다려야 돼. |
Joseph, I'm taking the room, we can sign the contract! | 조셉씨, 이 방으로 할게요. 계약서에 서명하면 되겠어요! |
Hm... All the stuff on the left hand side can go. | 음... 왼쪽 편에 있는 건 다 치워도 돼. |