한글
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| We can use the queue that goes faster. | 더 빨리 줄어드는 줄에서 계산하면 되잖아. |
| Mike, you are cutting out, I can't hear you! | 마이크, 소리가 끊겨, 들리질 않아! |
| I don't know, it's up to you, you can cook anything you like. | 글쎄, 네 마음대로, 아무거나 요리하고 싶은 걸로 해줘. |
| Umm, we can raise it just a little bit, like 50%. | 흠, 조금만 인상하면 돼요, 한 50% 정도. |
| You know I work from home, so I can easily take care of them both. | 나는 재택근무하잖아. 그러니까 두 녀석 다 잘 봐줄 수 있어. |
| You could have brought the book directly! | 책을 그냥 가져오지 그랬어! |
| You are going to ask me if I can take Bear out. | 베어 산책시켜달라고 부탁하려는 거잖아. |
| I don't think they can legally be married! | 법적으로 혼인 신고할 수 있는 사이가 아닐 거야! |
| But I have to be in Brighton in the afternoon. | 오후까지 브라이튼에 가야 해. |
| I can't decide if I should get calamari or shrimp. | 오징어로 할지 새우로 할지 결정을 못하겠어. |
| I'm already doing all the donkey work, how else can I help? | 힘 쓰는 일은 벌써 내가 다 하고 있잖아, 더 어떻게 도울 수 있다는 거야? |
| You know, the landlords should give you some kitchen utensils. | 왜 있잖아, 집주인은 부엌도구를 좀 제공해줘야 하니까. |
| They might have some more in stock. | 재고가 좀 더 있을 수도 있어. |
| Could it be anywhere else? | 다른 데 어딘가 있어? |
| I can feel Pogo's heart beating like a maniac. | 포고 심장이 미친 것처럼 뛰는 게 느껴져. |
| Um, sorry, I don't have the ad number, where can I find it? | 어, 죄송하지만, 광고 번호는 없는데요. 어디서 찾을 수 있죠? |
| Nope, that's fine... I guess I can do some window shopping... | 아니, 괜찮아. 윈도우 쇼핑이라도 하고 있지 뭐... |
| Of course, but I can only peel the potatoes with a peeler. | 물론이지, 근데 난 감자깎이가 있어야 깎을 줄 아는데. |
| Hello guys, I can hear you shouting from upstairs. | 안녕 친구들, 소리 지르는 거 위층에서도 다 들리는데. |
| Yes darling, we just live in the house next door, you can come anytime! | 물론이죠, 우린 바로 옆집에 살고 있으니까 언제든지 오면 돼요! |
