한글
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Then we might not be able to find it here, either. | 그럼 여기서도 못 찾을지도 모르겠다. |
| You shouldn't have woken her up in the morning! | 그러게 아침 일찍 깨우지 말았어야지! |
| I don't know if I should thank you or punch you in the face! | 고마워해야 할지 면상을 갈겨야 할지 모르겠군! |
| I said it was a mistake, I was terribly sorry, what else could I say? | 실수했다고, 너무 너무 죄송하다고 그랬지, 달리 무슨 말을 할 수 있었겠어? |
| I see, but shouldn't they have given you at least a month's notice? | 그렇구나. 그래도 그 사람들이 최소 1달 전에 알려줘야 했던 거 아냐? |
| I believe with four of us we can afford it easily. | 네 명이 합치면 충분히 얻을 수 있어. |
| They must be right. | 맞는 말 같아. |
| My sixth sense tells me I must clean it. | 내 육감이 반드시 닦아야 한다고 말해주고 있어. |
| Possibly, also the new environment might make him feel insecure. | 그럴 수도. 그리고 낯선 환경이니까 불안해졌을 수도 있어. |
| I thought we could keep the spare room as a study for you. | 남는 방은 자기 작업실로 쓰면 어떨까 생각했지. |
| Mike, you are cutting out, I can't hear you! | 마이크, 소리가 끊겨, 들리질 않아! |
| As far as I know, you can only order the things on the menu. | 메뉴에 있는 요리만 주문 가능하다고 나는 알고 있어서 그런데 말이야. |
| I'm not sure, I have to check my calendar first! | 글쎄, 일정부터 확인해야겠는걸! |
| It's a very long time, who could stand it? | 그렇게 긴 시간을 누가 버텨? |
| I brought one, maybe you should bring one, too. | 난 내 거 챙겼는데. 너도 필요할 지도 몰라. |
| That's better, we can get some thighs. | 그게 낫다, 넓적살로 하자. |
| You can buy me a beer for giving you my turn. | 차례 양보해줬으니까 맥주 한 잔 사주면 좋고. |
| But we should tell them to clean up the mess. | 하지만 깨진 건 쓸어담으라고 얘기해줘야지. |
| I'm sorry guys, I must have miscalculated the percentages! | 미안해요 두분, 제가 퍼센트를 잘못 계산했나봐요! |
| The burglar might like it. | 도둑은 좋아할 수도 있어. |
