한글
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Sorry to interrupt your story, but I really have to go now! | 얘기 끊어서 미안한데 지금 진짜 가봐야 돼서! |
| I've just been informed that the IT manager can't be here today. | IT 매니저가 오늘 못 온다고 나도 이제 막 보고받았어. |
| Of course, you can have whatever you want. | 당연하지, 먹고 싶은 거 아무거나 시켜. |
| Maybe you can teach me how to make phone calls. | 전화통화를 어떻게 해야 되는 건지 나한테 보여주지 그래. |
| I think the chicken must be ready by now. | 닭이 이제 준비가 됐을 텐데. |
| I don't think so, she could have been her great-grandmother, maybe. | 그건 아니라고 봐, 그 여자 증조할머니면 모를까. |
| Umm, it must be that one with the white fence. | 음, 저기 하얀 울타리 있는 집일 거야. |
| I see, but shouldn't they have given you at least a month's notice? | 그렇구나. 그래도 그 사람들이 최소 1달 전에 알려줘야 했던 거 아냐? |
| They should be back any time. | 이제 곧 돌아올 거야. |
| You should feel very lucky having him as a friend. | 그런 친구를 두다니 넌 정말 복 받은 거야. |
| I believe with four of us we can afford it easily. | 네 명이 합치면 충분히 얻을 수 있어. |
| I'm just concerned about whether we can afford to rent a house! | 집을 얻을만큼 우리한테 돈이 있는지 걱정이라서 그러는 거야! |
| Of course, but I can only peel the potatoes with a peeler. | 물론이지, 근데 난 감자깎이가 있어야 깎을 줄 아는데. |
| But I have to do it sometimes to visit my family. | 하지만 가족들 보려면 종종 해야하니까. |
| Can't we have the meeting without the f*cking IT manager! | 그 망할 놈의 IT 매니저 빼놓고 회의 하면 되잖아! |
| We could use theirs for once. | 한번쯤은 우리가 남의 걸 쓰는 거지. |
| I thought we could keep the spare room as a study for you. | 남는 방은 자기 작업실로 쓰면 어떨까 생각했지. |
| My sixth sense tells me I must clean it. | 내 육감이 반드시 닦아야 한다고 말해주고 있어. |
| They must be right. | 맞는 말 같아. |
| She could leave the front door open and let them out! | 대문을 열고 풀어줘버릴 수도 있고! |
