In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
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Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
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In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
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Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
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Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
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In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
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In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
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In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
Modal example sentences | |
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Can I get you some drinks to start with? | 우선 음료부터 가져다 드릴까요? |
Why do you have to finish everything today? | 왜 전부 오늘 끝내야 되는데? |
Too bad, they must have understood you are a liar, then. | 어쩔 수 없지, 그럼 거짓말쟁이인 게 들통났겠네. |
Or maybe I can have some drinks with friends from work. | 아니면 직장 동료들하고 술이라도 몇 잔 하고 있거나. |
The burglar might like it. | 도둑은 좋아할 수도 있어. |
Sorry... Beary! Come here, my boy, seems we have to wait a while. | 미안해요... 베어야! 이리 와, 요 녀석아. 잠시 기다려야 돼. |
But he can't walk on it. | 걷질 못하네. |
Yes, normally, that's what they should do. | 그렇지, 정상적으로는 그렇게 해야 되는 건데. |
No, you have to bring your own or buy new ones, dear. | 아니죠, 자기가 직접 가져 오거나 새로 사든가 해야죠. |
After I finish unpacking my suitcase, we can put them in there. | 내가 짐가방을 다 비우면, 그 안에다 넣으면 되지. |
Hm... All the stuff on the left hand side can go. | 음... 왼쪽 편에 있는 건 다 치워도 돼. |
They might have some more in stock. | 재고가 좀 더 있을 수도 있어. |
I can't decide if I should get calamari or shrimp. | 오징어로 할지 새우로 할지 결정을 못하겠어. |
Can you do me a favour in return? | 대신 부탁 하나 들어줄 수 있어? |
We can use the queue that goes faster. | 더 빨리 줄어드는 줄에서 계산하면 되잖아. |
You could have brought the book directly! | 책을 그냥 가져오지 그랬어! |
I thought you might not like strong coffees. | 커피 진한 거 안 좋아할까봐. |
Maybe we should start looking for houses in the suburbs first. | 일단 교외 쪽 집부터 알아봐야겠어. |
Hello, Camden-City Real Estate, how can I help you? | 안녕하세요, 캠든 시티 부동산입니다. 어떻게 도와드릴까요? |
I can't find my bra, can you see it? | 나 브래지어 못 찾겠는데, 어디 안 보여? |