हिन्दी
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I don't think so, she could have been her great-grandmother, maybe. | मुझे ऐसा नहीं लगता, शायद, वो उसकी परदादी हो सकती थी। |
| Mike, you are cutting out, I can't hear you! | माइक आपकी आवाज़ कट रही है, मैं आपको नहीं सुन पा रही हूँ! |
| I believe with four of us we can afford it easily. | मुझे लगता है हम चार लोगों के साथ हम आसानी से इसका बोझ उठा सकते हैं। |
| Can't we have the meeting without the f*cking IT manager! | क्या हम उस चू*ये आईटी प्रबंधक के बिना बैठक नहीं कर सकते हैं! |
| Umm, we can raise it just a little bit, like 50%. | उम्म, हम इसे बस थोड़ा बढ़ा सकते हैं, जैसे 50%। |
| I can try to use as many as I can. | मैं इन्हें ज्यादा से ज्यादा प्रयोग करने की कोशिश कर सकती हूँ। |
| Hello, Diamond Duck, can I help you? | हैलो, डायमंड डक, क्या मैं आपकी मदद कर सकती हूँ? |
| Alright... Ah! I can see it now! | ठीक है... आह! अब मैं इसे देख सकती हूँ! |
| But I wonder what it says, can you show it to me, too? | लेकिन मैं सोच रही हूँ इसमें क्या लिखा है, क्या तुम मुझे भी यह दिखा सकते हो? |
| I can't decide if I should get calamari or shrimp. | मैं फैसला नहीं कर पा रही हूँ कि मैं कालामारी लूं या झींगा। |
| That movie might even be older than me! | वो फिल्म तो मुझसे भी पुरानी होगी! |
| She could leave the front door open and let them out! | वो आगे का दरवाज़ा खुला छोड़कर उन्हें बाहर जाने दे सकती है! |
| You know, the landlords should give you some kitchen utensils. | तुम्हें पता है ना कि मकान मालिकों को आपको कुछ रसोईघर के बर्तन देने चाहिए। |
| You must work very hard. | आप बहुत काम करती होंगी। |
| Um, sorry, I don't have the ad number, where can I find it? | उम्म, माफ़ करना, मेरे पास विज्ञापन संख्या नहीं है, मुझे यह कहाँ मिल सकता है? |
| So you can enjoy your meal till I come. | तो मेरे आने तक तुम अपने खाने का मज़ा ले सकती हो। |
| I don't know if I should thank you or punch you in the face! | मुझे नहीं पता कि तुम्हें शुक्रिया कहूँ या तुम्हारे मुंह पर एक घूसा मारूं! |
| I can use incense for the smell... | मैं महक के लिए अगरबत्ती इस्तेमाल कर सकता हूँ... |
| That's better, we can get some thighs. | वो बेहतर है, हम थोड़ा थाइ ले सकते हैं। |
| You are going to ask me if I can take Bear out. | तुम मुझे बेयर को बाहर ले जाने के लिए कहने वाले हो। |
