عربي
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
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Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
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In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
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"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
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Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
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To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
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Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
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Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
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In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
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In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
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In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I have to go home and check on Pogo first. | .يجب ان أذهب الى المنزل لتفقد بوجو أولاً |
| You could have brought the book directly! | !كان يمكنك إحضار الكتاب بشكل مباشر |
| You know, the landlords should give you some kitchen utensils. | .أنت تعلمين، يجب على أصحاب المنزل ان يعطوكِ بعض أدوات المطبخ |
| Okay, can I have it with some barbecued scorpions on the side? | حسنًا، هل يمكنني تناول ذلك بجانب بعض العقارب المشوية؟ |
| Can't you have the meeting another time? | الا يمكنك ان تحدد إجتماع فى وقت أخر؟ |
| I don't like bank holidays, we still have to work tomorrow! | !انا لا أحب العطلات المصرفية, سيجب علينا العمل غداً |
| I think we can let him explore the garden. | .أعتقد انه يمكننا تركه ليستكشف الحديقة |
| What do you mean by they can't get married legally? | ما الذي تعنينه بأنه لا يمكنهم الزواج بشكل قانوني؟ |
| Maybe you can teach me how to make phone calls. | .ربما يمكنك تعليمي كيف أقوم بعمل المكالمات الهاتفية |
| Can you please stop being stupid, dear? | من فضلك هل يمكنك التوقف عن كونك غبيًا، ياعزيزي؟ |
| He is a bit of a d*ck, as you might have already realised. | .و هو أحمقاً نوعاً ما, كما لاحظتم بالفعل |
| Can I have wine instead of beer? | هل يمكننى الحصول على نبيذ بدلاً من الجعة؟ |
| How can you be so sure? | كيف يمكنك أن تكون متأكدًا للغاية؟ |
| Umm, can I do it after I smoke? | امم، هل يمكنني فعل ذلك بعد أن أقوم بالتدخين؟ |
| Yes, normally, that's what they should do. | .أجل، هذا هو الطبيعي، هذا مايتوجب عليهم فعله |
| It may help prevent wasting time for both sides. | .قد يساعد هذا على عدم تضييع وقت الطرفين |
| But he can't walk on it. | .لكنه لا يستطيع المشى عليها |
| Maybe you can try some prawn crackers. | .ربما يمكنك تجربة بعض البراون كراكرز |
| I think they should be more understanding. | .أعتقد أنه يجب عليهم أن يكونوا متفهمين أكثر |
| You should feel very lucky having him as a friend. | .يجب ان تشعر انك محظوظ لكونه صديقك |
