In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
Then we found the wallet with nothing left in it. | そして、空っぽの財布を僕たちは見つけた。 |
The first appointment was at 07:30 in the morning! | 最初のアポが朝の 7 時半だったのよ! |
What!? So you complained to Nick about our cat! | なんだよ⁉ ニックに僕らの猫のことを告げ口して! |
Yes, I did, did you? | えぇ、あなたは? |
I'm sorry, why did you call that much? | ごめんなさい。どうしてそんなにかけたの? |
And now you've woken me up just when I was about to sleep! | 今なんて、やっと眠れそうだったのに、あなたたちのせいで目が覚めちゃったのよ! |
I didn't know your cat was here. | 君の猫がここにいたなんて知らなかったぜ。 |
I was going to today, it just happened last night! | 今日言うつもりだったんだよ。昨晩起こったことだからね! |
Sorry dear, I didn't mean to annoy you at all. | ごめんなさい、あなた。怒らせるつもりは全くなかったのよ。 |
So I snore everyday... Why didn't you tell me that before? | じゃあ毎日いびきをかいてるのね… どうしてもっと前に教えてくれなかったの? |
Do you remember what number it was? | 何番だったか覚えてる? |
My housemates once had a dog, too. | 私のハウスメイトも、以前犬を飼っていたわ。 |
Oh, that's a relief, did you get rid of it? | はあ、ほっとしたわ。スズメバチは駆除したの? |
Apparently you f*cked up, then what happened? | しくじっちゃったわけだ。それでどうなったの? |
What was wrong with the last house? | 最後の家は何がいけなかったの? |
I only managed to get 3 appointments for today. | 今日アポが取れたのは 3 件だけよ。 |
It totally slipped my mind! | 完全にうっかり忘れてしまったわ! |
Did you check the expiry date? | 賞味期限チェックした? |
Exactly... So I gave up and decided to sit at a cafe and have a coffee. | ほんとよ… だからあきらめてカフェでコーヒーでも飲むことにしたの。 |
Oh god... It was a nightmare for me today! | もう、今日は最悪な日だったわ! |