عربي
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
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In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
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"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
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Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
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In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
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In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Of course, we can leave whenever you want. | .بالطبع، يمكننا الذهاب الى اى مكان تريدينه |
| I'm sorry guys, I must have miscalculated the percentages! | !متأسف يارفاق، يجب وأنني قط أخطأت بحساب النسب |
| I can tell their sex from their face. | .يمكننى معرفة جنسهم بمجرد النظر الى وجوههم |
| We can ask the shop assistant first. | .يمكننا ان نسأل البائع أولاً |
| We can use the queue that goes faster. | .يمكننا أستخدام الصف الذى يسير بشكل أسرع |
| Hm, I would like to see her, but I don't think we should disturb her. | .هم، انا اود ان اراها، لكن أعتقد انه لا يجب علينا إزعاجها |
| That's nice, can we add some beer to it for me, also? | هذا لطيف، هل يمكننا إضافة بعض البيرة من أجلى أيضاً؟ |
| It's not easy, but not impossible, in the end, you can get it. | .ليس من السهل، لكن ليس مستحيلاً، فى النهاية يمكنك الحصول عليه |
| I could only find some eggs, some undated bacon and some olives. | .لم أجد الا بعض البيض، و بعض من اللحم الغير مؤرخ و بعض الزيتون |
| I brought one, maybe you should bring one, too. | .لقد أحضرت واحداً, ربما يجب عليكِ إحضار واحداً أيضاً |
| He can get some bread on his way back. | .يمكنه إحضار بعض الخبز و هو فى طريقه للعودة |
| And I can hold Bear, we can let them sniff each other first. | .و انا سيمكننى مسك بير، يمكننا ان نتركهم يشموا بعضهم البعض أولاً |
| Hello guys, I can hear you shouting from upstairs. | .مرحبًا يارفاق، يمكنني سماعكم تصيحون من الاعلى |
| I'm so sorry, I couldn't leave school on time. | .متأسفة جداً، لم أتمكن من مغادة المدرسة فى الموعد |
| But I wonder what it says, can you show it to me, too? | لكن انا أتسائل ماذا تقول، هل يمكنك أن تريها لي، أيضاً؟ |
| Since I can't smoke in the room, I have to go to the garden. | .حيث أنني لا يمكنني التدخين في الغرفة، يجب أن أذهب إلى الحديقة |
| I see, I can boil it first so you can use the water. | .أرى ذلك، يمكننى أن اسلقها أولاً حتى تتمكنى من إستخدام الماء |
| Sorry to interrupt your story, but I really have to go now! | !أسفة لمقاطعة قصتك لكن حقاً يجب أن أذهب الان |
| Yes, it should be hidden somewhere in the top drawer. | .أجل، يجب ان تكون مختفية فى مكان ما فى الدرج العلوى |
| We can see how Bear and Pogo get on together. | .يمكننا أن نرى كيف سيتعامل بير و بوجو معاً |
